pengertian inflectional dan contoh-contoh

Morphology class

                        Summary about inflections into noun and verb

Inflectional is process of word formation in which items are added to the base form of a word to express grammatical meaning.

Inflectional morpheme do not changes cognitive meaning. An inflectional morpheme does not alter the word class of the base to which it is attached. Inflectional morpheme are only able to modify the form of the word.

A.    Inflectional into noun

            Most countable nouns in English have two word forms; a singular and plural. A singular from cat, consisting of just one morpheme and a plural from cats, consisting of a root cat and the suffix –s.

There are also some countable nouns that express their plural with no suffix at all. Example ( teeth, men, feet, mice) where there is a change in the vowel of the root. However, there are also some whose plurals display not even a vowel change. For example, sheep, fish, deer, those.  The conclusion is addition inflectional suffix –s/-es to noun cause nouns meaning plural.

1. Inflectional affixes of nouns

1.      Plural forms

Singular	plural
Book Bag Table Chair Door Window Man Woman Child Pianist Tooth Foot Mouse	Books Bags Tables Chairs Doors Windows Men Women Cildren Pianists Teeth Feet Mice

2.      Possessions

Example :  that man’s bicycle

                  John’s book

John and mary’s house

3.      Pronouns

Subject	Object	Possessive
I You He She It We They	Me You Him Her It Us Them	My Your His Her Its Our Their

Example in the sentences : He loves her.

  She loves him.

B.     Inflectional into verb

Consider the following examples:

·         Read + s (third person singular present tense).

·         Load + ed (past tense).

·         See + en (perfect or passive participle).

·         Drink + ing (progressive participle).

Ø  Inflectional suffixes include :

·         -s third person singular present

·         -ed/-d past tense

·         -ing progressive/continous

·         -en/-t past participle

·         -s plural

·         ‘s gnetive

·         -er comparative

·         -est superlative

Ø  Inflectional affixes of verbs

1.      Tenses markers 

Regular verb			Irregular verb
Past	Present	Progressive	Past	Present	Progressive
Cooked Teached Studied Walked Looked	Cook Teach Study Walk Look	Cooking Teaching Studying Walking Looking	Went Wrote Read Sang Slept	Go Write Read Sing Sleep	Going Writing Reading Singing Sleeping

2.      Third Singular verb marker

Example :  I am sleeping.          

                  She is studying.

                  The old man walks in the roadside.

                  The cat looks at the mouse.